Harrow.



BEST AvAxLABLE COP N. 807,700. PATENTED DEC. 19, 1905.

JL M. ULsH.

HARROW.

APPLlCATION FILED DEC.641904.

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J. M. ULSH.

HARROW.

APPLICATION FILED DBC.0.1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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BEST/xv ILA marmi)k srnffn L `JAMES M. ULSH, OF LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA.

'HRROW- No. sof/,70a

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 19, 1905.

Application filed December 6.1904. serial No. 235,681.`

To (LZZ whom, it may con/cern:

Be it known that I, JAMES M. ULsH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lancaster, in the county of Lancaster and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Harrow, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to harrows of the spring-tooth-lever type, exemplified, for instance, in my copending application Serial No. 216,128, in which many of the features of my present invention are disclosed.

The object of the invention to be particularly emphasized herein is to equip a harrow of the character specified with a plurality of either vertically or horizontally, .the vertical 'depth of cut and the horizontal adjustment bars and designed to present the teeth either directly across the line of draft, as desired.

Astill further object is to provide improved mountings for the individual tooth-bars and novel means-for bracing the bars to reduce the liability of breakage.

Subordinate objects of the invention will ap ear more-fully hereinafter. i

the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of my harrow with the teeth arranged directly across the line of draft. Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a plan view of one of the tooth-bars, showing the teeth disposed edgewise to the line of Fig. 4 is a sectional view, on a somewhat-enlarged scale, showing the mounting of one of the teeth. Fig. 5 is a detail view showing one of the shifting bars and its bracket. Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view of one of the tooth-holders ap lied to a toothbar. Fig. 7 is a detail view o a tooth and its brace, and Fig. 8 is a detail sectional view of a modified form of tooth-holder.

Like numerals indicate corresponding parts in the several views.

1 and 2 indicate the side sections of an angle-iron runner-frame located at opposite sides of a central frame member 3, constituting one element of a hinged connection between the frame-sections. Mounted on the runners 4 and 5 of the runner-frame are a plurality of standards 6, between the upper ends ,of which and the centralframe member 3 are i bars is immaterial, it being sufficient to say that each bar is designed to rotate on its axis and that the several bars at each side of the central member 3 move bodily with the hingedly-connected sections of the runner.- frame. The frame structure of the harrow is completed by the provision of front and -rear caster-Wheels 19 and 20, mounted inv wheel-frames 21, secured to and supporting the opposite ends of the central member 3, as shown in Fig. 2.

Upon each of the tooth-bars 17 is mounted `a series of harrow-teeth 24, which, as has been stated, are designed to be elevated and depressed and to be adjusted laterally for the pur ose of disposing them across the line of dra t edgewise thereto or at an intermediate angle, as desired. The vertical portion or.

shank 24a of. each harrow-tooth' is received by a vertically-disposed transversely-rectangular tooth-holder 25, the front wall of which is formed with an opening to accommodate 1 the tooth-retaining bolt 26. From the vfront side of the tooth-holder 25 extend a pair of horizontal bearing-ears 27, which receive bej.

tween them a bearing-lug 28, to Which'they are connected by a vertically-disposed hingebolt 29, constituting the axis from which the tooth-holder 25 is swung laterally to adjust the teeth. The lug 28 extends rearwardly from the tooth-bar, being carried by an integral split collar 30, encircling the bar and secured by a clamping-bolt 34, as shown in Fig. 4. To prevent tlie split collar 30 from turning on the tooth-bar 17, said collar is provided with an inwardly-extending lug 30a,

received within an opening 30b in the bar. From the front side of each tooth-holder also extends an arm 35, the front endsl of the several arms associated with each tooth-bar being connected by a shifting bar 36, which may be shifted longitudinally forthe purpose IOO Y of Swingin the several tooth-holders when Y it is desire to effect a lateral adjustment of the teeth. The shifting bar is retained in its adjusted positions by a bolt 37, passed through a pair of bearin -lugs 38 and through the shifting bar arrange to slide between the lugs.- The lugs 38 constitute part of a bearing-bracket 39, mounted on the tooth-bar by means of a split collar 40, encircling the bar Hof" ` intermediate position.

BEST AVAILABLE COP* g Asomoo and retained by a bolt 41. (See Fig. 5.) If it is desired to present the teeth broadside to the ground or acrossv the line of draft, they are positioned as shown in Fig. 1. If, however, it is desired to present the teeth edgewise to the line of draft, each alternate shifting bar 36 is moved longitudinally to swing the tooth-holders 25 to the positions indicated in Fig.F 3, where they are retained by passing each of the bolts 37 through one of a series of openings/42 ineach of the sliiftingbars. The other shifting bars are similarly adj usted, but in the opposite direction, so that while all of the teeth will be located edgewise to the line of draft the teeth of alternate rows will be oppositely disposed-or curved. Obviously if it is desired to retain the teeth in intermediate positions-that is to say, in anvularrelation (I endy may be attained by securing the shifting bar in an Thus it will appear that the series of teeth carried by each toothbar may be simultaneously adjusted laterally on vertical axes. In addition to this adjustment I provide means whereby all of the teeth of each side or section of the har- .row may be simultaneously elevated or dei. pressed, this end being attained by swinging the teeth from horizontal axes, or, in other Words, by the. rotation of the several toothbars. To effect this latter adjustment, each set of tooth-bars-to wijt, the bars at each side ofthe harrow-are equipped with radial f j varms 43, connected bya Dar 44, carrying a toothed seo'ment 45, arranged to be engaged by the latch 46, carried by a tooth-adjusting lever 4 47, preferably formed by elon ating one of the arms 43, as shown in Fig. 2. n use the teeth will first be set with respect to the line of draft in accordance with the character of work to be done. During the harrowing the depth of cut may be easily regulated by the manipulation of the levers 47 according to the hardness of the particular ground being Worked and the depth of cut desired.

It will now be seen that the harrow is characterized by spring-teeth adjustable both vertically and horizontally and so mounted upon elevated tooth-bars extending in opposite directions from a single suitably-supported Acentral frame-bar that a maximum clearance permitting the free passage of the harrow over rubbish and obstructions will be secured.

Another feature of. the invention disclosed more articularly in Figs. 2, 4, and 7 is a novel orm of tooth-brace 24b in the form of a metal bar imposed against the rear side of the tooth and conforming to the contour thereof. This brace extends from the upper end of the shank to a point approximately .one-third of the length-of the tooth proper i and secured by the bolt 26, which shown in Fig. 7, and it will be seen that by providing the tooth with this bracing or reinforcing member the liability of breakage is reduced to a minimum without unduly stiffening that portion of the tooth which is intended to have more or. less resiliency or spring.

In some instances it may be unnecessary to provide for the horizontal adjustment of the teeth, and in that event they are mounted as shown in Fi 8, the tooth-holder 25 being formed integra with or rigidly connected to the split collar 30 instead of having hinged connection therewith, as in Fi 4.

Before concluding attention isdirected to the fact that my harrow is not of that type in" which the teeth are mounted to trail rearangles to the teeth, so that the latter may be line of draft or to be disposed longitudinally at an angle to the line of draft. On the contrary, the shifting of the teeth of my harrow relative to the tooth-bars is not designed to change their longitudinal direction, which -is always substantially vertical when the harrow is in use, but is designed to present the flat front faces of the harrow-teeth either directly across the line of draft at an angle thereto or completely edgewise to the line of draft, as desired. This end 'is attained, as already stated, not by swinging a tooth on an axis at a ri ht angle thereto, as in harrows of the trai 'ng-tooth type, but by shifting the tooth around an axis extending in the same general .longitudinal direction as the tooth, this or equivalent expressions employed in the claims being intended to include a pivotal mounting the axis of which may be either in line with the longitudinal axis of the tooth or substantially parallel -wardly from the bars and are pivoted to the bars by means of pintles disposed at right' ICO with a line following the general longitudinal direction of the tooth.

. It is thought that from the foregoing the construction and operation of my harrow and the manyadvantages accruing therefrom will be clearly comprehended but while the lpresent embodiment of the invention appears at this time to be preferable. I Wish to be distinctly understood as reserving the -right to effect such changes, modiiicationss` and variations of the illustrated structure as -may come fairly within the scope of the pro- 2. A harrow, including a supporting structure, a plurality of teeth, and means for simultaneously adjusting said teethto present them across the line of draft or edgewise lthereto.

IIO

ISO

BEST AVAILABLE COP 3. A harrow, including a supporting structure, a plurality of harrow-teeth adjustable for presentation across the line of draft or edgewise thereto, means for effecting such adjustment, and means for edecting the simultaneous vertical adjustment of the teeth.

4. A harrow, includin a supporting structure, a plurality of teet mounted to swing from horizontal and vertical axes, means common to a plurality of teeth for eiiecting their horizontal adjustment, and separate means common to said teeth for effecting the vertical adjustment thereof.

5. A harrow, including a supporting structure, a plurality of adjustable tooth-bars, a plurality of vertically-disposed teeth mounted on each bar, adjusting means common to the teeth carried by each bar for shifting said teeth around substantially vertical axes, and separate adjustingmeans common to the several bars.-

6. A harrow, including a plurality of rotary tooth-bars, adjusting means common tary tooth-bars,l adjusting thereto, and a plurality of teeth pivotally connected to eachbar' and shiftable around axes disposed substantially parallel with the shanks of said teeth.

7. A harrow, including a plurality of romeans common thereto, a plurality of teeth pivotally connected to each bar, and means for simultaneously swinging a plurality of teeth independently of the bars and around axes exltendingin substantially the same longitudinal direction as the teeth.

8. A harrow, including a plurality of horizontal rotary tooth-bars, a plurality of substantially vertical teeth carried by each bar land mounted to swing from vertical axes, an

arm associated with each tooth, a shifting bar connected to the several arms, means carried by each tooth-bar for retaining the 'shiting bar associated therewith in its adjusted positions, and means common to the several tooth-bars for rotating the same to raise and lower the teeth.

9. A harrow, including a supporting structure, a'tooth-bar, a bracket secured to the tooth-bar, a tooth-holder pivoted to the bracket, and means for swinging the holder to adjust the tooth.

10. Aharrow, including a supporting structure, a tooth-bar, a bracket carried by the tooth-bar and having a bearing-lug, a toothholder having a pair of bearing-ears pivoted to the bearing-lu means for securing a tooth Vin the holder, an an arm extending from the holder to facilitate the adjustment thereof.

1 1. A harrow, including a supporting structure, and a tooth mounted to swing from an axis extending in the same general longitudinal direction as the tooth to permit the presentation of the latter directly across the line of draft or at an angle thereto.

12. Aharrow, includinga supporting strucand connected to the tooth-bar by means perture, a tooth mounted to swing from a horizontal axis to effect its elevation and depression, said tooth being also mounted to swing from another axis disposed substantially perpendicular to the ground when the tooth is in its fully-depressed osition.

13. Aharrow, inc uding a supporting structure, vertically-disposed teeth mounted to turn on vertical axes, horizontal arms associated with the teeth, and shifting means common to a plurality of said arms.

14. A harrow, including a supporting structure, a plurality4 of harrow-vteetli arranged for presentation across the line of draft or edgewise thereto, and means for simultaneously raising or lowering said teeth. V

15. A harrow, includin@r a plurality of teeth mounted to turn on axes disposed in the same general longitudinal direction as the teeth, and means for raising or lowering said teeth.

,16. Aharrow, includinga supportingstructure, a tooth-bar mounted to turn on ahorizontal axis, and a plurality of teeth adjustable with the bar and each mounted to turn on an axis disposed'transverse to the toothbar and in the general longitudinal direction of the tooth.

17. Aharrow, including asupporting'structure, a horizontal rotary tooth-bar, a plurality of teeth carried by the bar-and ar- 95 ranged to swing from axes4 disposed in the same general longitudinal direction as the teeth, and shifting means common to said teeth. I

18. A harrow, including a plurality of .loo rotary tooth-bars, adjustinr means common to the several bars, a plurality of teeth connected to each bar and mounted to swing from axes disposed in the general longitudinal direction of the teeth, and means common to the teeth of each bar for swinging them relative to the bar. Y

19. Aharrow, including a supporting structure, and a tooth carried thereby and mounted to swing from an axis parallel with the 11o with Vthe bar by the outward spring of said 12 5 member when the bolt is loosened. 21. A harrow, includin a tooth-bar, and a holder adapted to receive t ieshank of a tooth,

mitting the swinging of the tooth-ho der 13o assr AvAiLABLE COP# from an axis disposed longitudinally of the holder and transversely of the tooth-bar.

22. A harrow, including a tooth-bar, a tooth-holder, a tooth having its shank secured in the holder, and a pivotal connection between the tooth-holder and the bar7 the axis of said connection being disposed substantially parallel with the tooth-shank.

23. A harrow, including a tooth-bar, a series of pivoted teeth carried by the bar, a shifting rod common to said teeth, and a re taining device for the shifting rod, said retainin device including a split collar attache to the tooth-bar and means for connecting the rod and collar.

24. A harrow, including a tooth-holder having the form of a boxing, a spring-tooth having a straight shank retained in the box'- in a reinforcing-strip opposed to the rear si e of the tooth and its shank and likewise retained in the boxing, and a bolt passed tooth movable to present its flat front face ine of draft7 or at an anhaving the form of a longitudinally-curved i fiat spring with its lower extremity normally directed forwardly and its flat front face dis'- posed across or transverse to the line of movement of the tooth through the ground, said tooth being movable on its pivot to present its front flat face at an angle to the line of draft or movement, with one side edge of said active portion of the tooth farther advanced than `the other.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto aflixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

C. S. HERSHY, SAMUEL A. STEWART. 

